Directive principles of State policy (DPSPs)
Introduction part iv of the constitution containing article 36 to 51 deals with directive principles of State policy (DPSP) . the directive principles from the fundamental feature and a designed to achieve socio economic goals.
Fundamental rights and 'directive principles of State policy under Indian constitution' are the 'Conscience of our Constitution. Fundamental Rights are individualistic as they protect the freedom and liberty of individuals. They are needed for the development of human personality. They are fundamental not only because they are justifiable but because they are the basic conditions of civilized life.
Directive principles (DPSPs) are related to the social needs. They guard and advance the interests of 'the common man'. They lay down the routes of State action.' Directive principles, though not justifiable enjoy the sanction of public opinion and are fundamental to the governance of the country.
In this discussion cover directive principles of State policy (DPSP) in the sense of environmental point to view, article 39:-
Art. 39(a), which was inserted by the Constitution (42nd Amendment) Act, provides for Equal Justice and Free Legal Aid. It promotes justice on the basis of equal opportunities. It imposes an imperative duty upon the State to provide free legal aid to the poor litigant so as to secure him equal protection of laws against his well-to-do opponent.
Article 39 of the Constitution envisages economic justice. It requires the State to direct its policy towards securing:
(a) Equal right of men and women to adequate means of livelihood.
b) Distribution of ownership and control of the material resources community to the common good.
c) To ensure that the economic system should not result in concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment.
d) Equal pay for equal work for both men and women.
e) To protect health and strength of workers and tender age of children and to ensure that they are not forced by economic necessity to enter avocations unsuited to their age or strength; and
f) That children are given opportunities and facilities to develop in a healthy manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity and that childhood and youth are protected against exploitation and against moral and material abandonment.
Article 39(b): The expression material source' under Art. 39(b) means all things, which are capable of producing wealth for the community. It includes those, which are already vested in the State but also in the hands of private individuals. Further, the expression 'distribution' in Art. 39(b) does not mean that one's property is taken over and is distributed to others. It also includes nationalisation which is an effective means to prevent concentration of wealth in a few hands so as to benefit the society at large.
Article 39(f): Art. 39(f) was amended by the Constitution (42nd Amendment) Act, 1976 with a view to emphasize the constructive role of the State with regard to children.
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